fotos
de animales silvestres de
ARGENTINA
photos
of wild animals of ARGENTINA
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fotos
de animales silvestres de
ARGENTINA
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photos
of wild animals of ARGENTINA
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Aves - Birds
PASSERIFORMES - TYRANNIDAE Tiránidos (monjitas, benteveos, piojitos, etc.) - Tyrants (flycatchers, monjitas, tyrannulets, etc.) |
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Los
Tiránidos son un grupo de especies de aves que comparten
algunas características comunes. Se han diferenciado aproximadamente
400 especies que pertenecen a esta "familia de especies" que
la ciencia llama "Tyrannidae", y por tanto una de las familias
más grandes. La mayoría son de Sudamérica, aunque
algunas son migratorias y llegan a EEUU. Dos características
comunes son: que poseen un pequeño gancho en la punta del pico,
y la mayoría es insectívora. Vale la pena hacer una breve
aclaración: se llama "familia" como concepto de grupo,
pero las distintas especies que la componen no se cruzan entre si, aunque
en efecto están emparentadas pues todas provienen de una especie
ancestral común, que existió hace aproximadamente 25 millones
de años.
Estudios genéticos muy recientes (2007) han develado un árbol genealógico tentativo de las especies de tiránidos, denominado filogenia, que intenta establecer el parentesco o afinidad entre ellas y estimar en que momento se han producido las diversas ramificaciones - e incluso sugiriendo posibles causas que dieron origen a estas divergencias o "radiaciones". Todo indica que los primeros tiránidos fueron especies que vivían en densos bosques. Al aparecer hábitats más abiertos (en parte como resultado del surgimiento de la Cordillera de los Andes hace unos 30 millones de años, las glaciaciones y otros grandes cambios climáticos conocidos en pasadas eras geológicas), estos nuevos paisajes fueron conquistados por los tiránidos, que se fueron adaptando y especializando, surgiendo entonces nuevas formas. Hoy se agrupan en sub-familias tentativas, que se diferencian principalmente por el hábitat que ocupan y en la forma en que obtienen sus alimentos. Los grupos son: - PIPROMOPHINAE - ELAENINAE - MYARCHINAE - TYRANNINAE - FLUVICOLINAE |
The
Tyrants are a group of bird species that share some common features. Approximately
400 different species have been recognized belonging to this "family
of species" that scientists call "Tyrannidae". Most live
in South America but some are migratory and reach USA. A common feature
of the family is that the have a small hook at the end of the beak, and
most are insect eaters. While we use the term "family" this
does not mean that they interbreed, although they are all related as they
have a common ancestor that lived approximately 25 million years ago.
Recent DNA studies (2007) have revealed a tentative "family tree" of the different species. This is known as a phylogeny, and it tries to establish which species are more closely related, when they branched off in separate ways, and even proposing possible causes of such subdivisions. It seems the earliest Tyrants lived in thick forest. As more open habitats were formed (though climate change, the uprising of the Andes, ice ages, etc.) these new spaces were conquered by tyrants, which adapted and further subdivided. Today they are tentatively grouped in various subfamilies, which sometimes share the same habitat but are mainly different in the way they obtain their food. These groups are: - PIPROMOPHINAE (upward striking) - ELAENINAE (Perch gleaning) - MYARCHINAE (Sallying) - TYRANNINAE (Sallying) - FLUVICOLINAE (Sallying) |
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La
siguiente tabla muestra las sub-familias de Tiránidos, indicando
solamente las especies con foto en este sitio. Utilizá el link
a la derecha de c/u para acceder directamente a la especie buscada.
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The
following table shows the subfamilies of the Tyrants, and the names
of species of which there are photos in this site. Use the link
to the right of each spp. for quick access to the species you are looking
for.
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SUBFAMIL.
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Nombre
Español
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English
Name
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Scientif.
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Link
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PIPROMOPHINAE
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Tachurí Sietecolores | Many-colored Rush-Tyrant | Tachuris rubrigastra | |
| Mosqueta Común | Mottled-cheeked Tyrannulet | Phyloscartes ventralis | ||
| Mosqueta Ojo Dorado | Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant | Todirostrum margaritaceiventer | ||
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ELAENIINAE
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Piojito Gargantilla | White-throated Tyrannulet | Mecocerculus luecophrys | |
| Tachurí Canela | Bearded Tachuri | Polystictus pectoralis | ||
| Cachudito
Pico Negro |
Tufted Tit-Tyrant | Anairetes parulus | ||
| Cachudito
Pico Amarillo |
Yellow-billed Tit-Tyrant | Anairetes
flavirostris |
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| Doradito
Común |
Warbling Doradito | Pseudocolopterys flaviventris | ||
| Doradito
Copetón |
Crested Doradito | Pseudocolopterys sclateri | ||
| Piojito
Común |
White-crested Tyrannulet | Serpophaga subcristata | ||
| Piojito
Trinador |
Grey-crowned Tyrannulet | Serpophaga sp. (griseiceps) | ||
| Piojito
Gris |
Sooty Tyrannulet | Serpophaga nigricans | ||
| Fiofío
Silbón |
White-crested Elaenia | Elaenia albiceps | ||
| Fiofío
Pico Corto |
Small-billed Elaenia | Elaenia parvirostris | ||
| Fiofío
Grande |
Large Elaenia | Elaenia spectabilis | ||
| Suirirí
Común |
Suiriri Flycatcher | Suiriri suiriri | ||
| Mosqueta
Pico Curvo |
Rough-legged Tyrannulet | Phyllomyias burmeisteri | ||
| Calandrita |
Greater Wagtail-Tyrant | Stigmatura budytoides | ||
| Barullero |
Tawny-crowned Pygmy-Tyrant | Euscarthmus meloryphus | ||
| Piojito
Silbón |
Southern Beardless Tyrannulet | Camptostoma obsoletum | ||
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(clade)
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Birro
Chico |
Cinnamon Flycatcher | Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea | |
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MYARCHINAE
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Burlisto
Pico Canela |
Swainson's Flycatcher | Myiarchus swainsoni | |
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TYRANNINAE
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Picabuey
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Cattle Tyrant | Machetornis rixosus | |
| Benteveo |
Great Kiskadee | Pitangus sulfuratus | ||
| Benteveo
Rayado |
Streaked Flycatcher | Myiodynastes maculatus | ||
| Tuquito
Gris |
Crowned Slaty-Flycatcher | Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus | ||
| Suirirí
Real |
Tropical Kingbird | Tyrannus melancholicus | ||
| Tijereta |
Fork-tailed Flycatcher | Tyrannus savana | ||
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FLUVICOLINAE
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Lavandera |
White-headed Marsh-Tyrant | Arundinicola leucocephala | |
| Viudita
Blanca |
Pied Water-Tyrant | Fluvicola pica | ||
| Viudita
Enmascarada |
Masked Water-Tyrant | Fluvicola nengeta | ||
| Churrinche |
Vermillion Flycatcher | Pyrrhocephalus rubinus | ||
| Yetapá
de Collar |
Strange-tailed Tyrant | Alectrurus risora | ||
| Suirirí
Pico Corto |
Southern Scrub-Flycatcher | Sublegatus modestus | ||
| Mosqueta
Estriada |
Bran-colored Flycatcher | Myiophobus fasciatus | ||
| Mosqueta
Boreal |
Traill's (or Alder?) Flycatcher | Empidonax alnorum (traillii?) | ||
| Viudita
Común |
White-winged Black-Tyrant | Knipolegus aterrimus | ||
| Viudita
Pico Celeste |
Blue-billed Black-Tyrant | Knipolegus cyanirostris | ||
| Pico
de Plata |
Spectacled Tyrant | Hymenops perspicillata | ||
| Suirirí
Amarillo |
Yellow-browed Tyrant | Satrapa icterophrys | ||
| Dormilona
Cara Negra |
Dark-faced Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola macloviana | ||
| Dormilona
Fraile |
Ochre-naped Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola flavinucha | ||
| Dormilona
Gris |
Rufous-naped Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola rufivertex | ||
| Dormilona
Chica |
Spot-billed Ground-Tyrant | Muscisaxicola maculirostris | ||
| Sobrepuesto
Común |
Rufous-backed Negrito | Lessonia rufa | ||
| Gaucho
Chico |
Least Shrike-Tyrant | Agriornis murina | ||
| Monjita
Dominicana |
Black-and-white Monjita | Heterolxolmis (Xolmis) dominicana | ||
| Monjita
Gris |
Grey Monjita | Xolmis cinerea | ||
| Monjita
Coronada |
Crowned Monjita | Xolmis coronatus | ||
| Monjita
Blanca |
White Monjita | Xolmis irupero | ||
| Diucón |
Fire-eyed Diucon | Xolmis pyrope | ||
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Subfamilia:
Subfamily: |
Pipromorphinae
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Tachuri
Sietecolores
("Sietecolores de Laguna") Tachuris rubrigastra Many-colored Rush-Tyrant |
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Buenos Aires - 9/2001 |
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Buenos Aires - 6/2003 |
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Mosqueta
Común
Phyloscartes ventralis Mottled-cheeked Tyrannulet |
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Entre Ríos - 7/2001 |
Buenos Aires- 3/2002 |
Buenos Aires- 8/2006 |
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Mosqueta
Ojo Dorado
Todirostrum margaritaceiventer Pearly-vented Tody-Tyrant |
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Paraná, Entre Ríos - 8/2007 |
Paraná, Entre Ríos - 8/2007 |
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Subfamilia:
Subfamily: |
Elaeniiinae
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Mecocerculus luecophrys White-throated Tyrannulet |
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Tachurí
Canela
ESPECIE GLOBALMENTE AMENAZADA Estado de Conservación según Birdlife International: |
Bearded
Tachuri
GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES Conservation Status by Birdlife International: |
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CASI
AMENAZADA
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x
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NEAR
THREATENED
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VULNERABLE
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-
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VULNERABLE
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EN
PELIGRO
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-
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ENDANGERED
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EN
PELIGRO CRITICO
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-
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CRITICALLY
ENDANGERED
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Tachurí
Canela
Polystictus pectoralis Bearded Tachuri |
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Hembra - Female |
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Cachudito
Pico Negro
Anairetes parulus Tufted Tit-Tyrant |
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Cachudito
Pico Amarillo
Anairetes flavirostris Yellow-billed Tit-Tyrant |
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Doradito
Común
Pseudocolopterys flaviventris Warbling Doradito |
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Juvenil - Juvenile |
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Pseudocolopterys sclateri Crested Doradito |
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Piojito
Común
Serpophaga subcristata White-crested Tyrannulet |
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Buenos Aires- 9/2006 |
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Mostrando su cresta - Showing crest |
(juv?) |
(juv?) |
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Mostrando la cresta - Showing crest |
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Piojito
Trinador
Serpophaga sp. (griseiceps) Grey-crowned Tyrannulet Identico a la especie anterior, salvo su voz - Identical to previous species, except in call |
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Piojito
Gris
Serpophaga nigricans Sooty Tyrannulet Siempre cerca del agua / Always close to water |
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Fiofío
Silbón
Elaenia albiceps White-crested Elaenia |
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Fiofío
Pico Corto
Elaenia parvirostris Small-billed Elaenia |
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Pichón / Nestling |
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Fiofío
Grande
Elaenia spectabilis Large Elaenia |
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Suirirí
Común
Suiriri suiriri Suiriri Flycatcher |
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Phyllomyias burmeisteri Rough-legged Tyrannulet |
